![]() ![]() PFO is a common condition in stroke and migraine that could play a pathogenic role in both disorders. A patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a well-known risk factor for stroke and seems to be associated with MA.Epidemiological studies suggest that MA is a risk factor for ischemic stroke.Ischemic stroke can develop as a complication of an attack of MA (so-called migrainous infarction).9 Migraine is associated with an increased stroke risk and is considered an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke in a particular subgroup of patients it is related to stroke in several ways 9,10: ![]() 8 Migraine and Ischemic Stroke: Association?Īn association between migraine and ischemic stroke has been observed for many years, although the exact mechanisms by which migraine can lead to stroke are currently still under investigation. 1 Migraine is strongly associated with cryptogenic (i.e., obscure or unknown origin) TIA and ischemic stroke, particularly at older ages migrainous aura in the elderly individual presents an especially difficult diagnostic dilemma. 7Īs noted above, headache in older adults is more likely to represent a serious pathology. 7 The occurrence of migraine attacks may be influenced by the varying hormonal status of women through menarche, menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause the use of oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy may precipitate migraine as well. 5,6Įvidence is strong regarding the link between migraine and the hormonal status of women both the timing and frequency of migraine attacks are influenced by hormone-related events. 5 While migraine can persist into later years, symptoms tend to improve with age. 4 Migraine is episodic and diagnosed from the patient’s medical history although it commonly commences around puberty, it may start at any age. While occurring in both sexes, migraine is predominantly found in females, with a cumulative lifetime prevalence of 43% in women and 18% in men. MA may be confused with a TIA, and vice versa. 1 A headache usually manifests within 60 minutes of the end of the aura. MA may also cause language or brainstem disturbance aphasia has also been reported. 4 Aura is a group of neurologic symptoms that may be visual (e.g., flashes of light), sensory (e.g., paresthesias), or motor (e.g., hemiparesis). MA is characterized by transient focal neurologic symptoms that usually precede or sometimes accompany a headache with migrainous features. 3 MO is referred to as a clinical syndrome characterized by headache with particular features and related symptoms (i.e., unilateral location, pulsating quality, moderate or severe intensity, aggravation by routine physical activity, and association with nausea and/or photophobia and phonophobia). 1 Migraine and Migraine With AuraĬlassified as a primary headache disorder, migraine has two major subtypes, migraine without aura (MO) and migraine with aura (MA). Importantly, this condition is more likely to represent a serious pathology, such as transient ischemic attack (TIA) and ischemic stroke, in older adults. 2 A significant proportion of the burden of migraine headache is underdiagnosed and undertreated in the general population this is even more true among the elderly. 1 Furthermore, medication overuse continues to contribute to the etiology of chronic daily headache in elderly individuals, particularly in those who have a history of migraine headache. 1 The prevalence of headache declines in older adults, yet it remains an extremely common condition in this age group. While headache is a common complaint in the general population-remaining the most common neurologic disorder worldwide-it is reported less often by elderly patients.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |